Nigeria: Federal Government explores satellite-to-mobile services

The Federal Government is considering the use of satellite-to-mobile technologies to expand access to voice and data services for millions of Nigerians living outside the reach of traditional mobile networks.

This direction is outlined in the Nigerian Communications Commission’s (NCC) draft Spectrum Roadmap for the Communications Sector covering the 2025–2030 period. The roadmap sets out how satellite-based solutions could complement existing terrestrial infrastructure, particularly in areas where difficult terrain, security concerns, or high deployment costs hinder the rollout of base stations.

According to the NCC, direct-to-device (D2D) satellite technology—which enables standard mobile phones to connect directly to satellites—is gaining global momentum as a viable means of delivering voice and data services without reliance on ground-based towers. The Commission said such technology could help bridge long-standing coverage gaps in rural, riverine, and border communities that remain underserved by conventional networks.

The regulator also noted that satellite-enabled connectivity could enhance network resilience by providing alternative communication links during fibre cuts, power outages, or other disruptions affecting terrestrial systems.

Beyond basic connectivity, the NCC said wider adoption of D2D services could support emergency communications, public safety operations, Internet of Things applications, and services such as smart agriculture in remote and underserved areas.

The roadmap further highlights potential investment opportunities through partnerships between mobile network operators and satellite service providers, including more efficient and shared use of spectrum resources.

In addition to D2D services, the draft policy places strong emphasis on the role of Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites in extending broadband access to hard-to-reach parts of the country. It also proposes improved utilisation of Geostationary Orbit (GEO) satellites and the exploration of high-altitude platform solutions, such as stratospheric balloons, to support mobile backhaul and rural connectivity.

These policy signals come shortly after Airtel Africa announced a partnership with SpaceX to introduce Starlink-powered direct-to-cell services in Nigeria.

The NCC said the Spectrum Roadmap is expected to guide future spectrum allocation, licensing decisions, and technology adoption across Nigeria’s telecommunications sector over the next five years.